The International Style was a major architectural movement of the 20th century. It emerged in Europe in the 1920s and spread to the United States in the 1930s. The International Style was characterized by its simple, geometric forms, lack of ornamentation, and use of modern materials such as steel, glass, and concrete.

The International Style was based on a set of principles that were articulated by the architects Henry-Russell Hitchcock and Philip Johnson in their 1932 book The International Style: Architecture since 1922. These principles included:
– Form follows Function: This principle emphasizes that the design of a building should be determined by its purpose.
– Use of Modern Materials: International Style architects were among the first to use modern materials such as steel, glass, and concrete in their designs.
– Simple, Geometric Forms: International Style designs are characterized by their simple, geometric forms and lack of ornamentation.
– Emphasis on volume: International Style architects emphasized the use of volume in their designs. They created buildings with large, open spaces and minimal interior walls.

Some of the most famous examples of International Style architecture include:

– Seagram Building (1958): The Seagram Building in New York City is one of the most iconic examples of International Style architecture. It is characterized by its simple, geometric forms and use of glass and bronze curtain walls.

– United Nations Headquarters (1947-1951): The United Nations Headquarters in New York City is another iconic example of International Style architecture. It was designed by a team of architects from 11 different countries, and it is considered to be a symbol of international cooperation.

– Farnsworth House (1945-1951): The Farnsworth House in Plano, Illinois, is a classic example of International Style residential architecture. It was designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and it is characterized by its simple, geometric forms and use of glass and steel.

The International Style had a profound influence on architecture around the world. Its principles can be found in buildings of all types, from skyscrapers to office buildings to houses. The International Style also had a major impact on art education and design.
The International Style is often criticized for its lack of ornamentation and its perceived coldness. However, it is important to remember that the International Style was a product of its time. The architects who worked in the International Style were seeking to create a new architecture that was appropriate for the modern age.
The International Style may not be as popular today as it was in the mid-20th century, but its influence can still be seen in architecture around the world. The International Style was a truly innovative and influential movement, and its principles continue to inspire architects and designers today.